本文记录在学习和使用docker过程中，常用的docker images 命令各个参数的含义和使用样例。
目录导航
参考
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/images/
docker images
参数
[root@vm249 ~]# docker images --help
Usage: docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
List images
Aliases:
docker image ls, docker image list, docker images
Options:
-a, --all Show all images (default hides intermediate images)
--digests Show digests
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Format output using a custom template:
'table': Print output in table format with column headers (default)
'table TEMPLATE': Print output in table format using the given Go template
'json': Print in JSON format
'TEMPLATE': Print output using the given Go template.
Refer to https://docs.docker.com/go/formatting/ for more information about formatting output with templates
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only show image IDs
[root@vm249 ~]#
可选参数:镜像仓库名字：REPOSITORY
如果有多个版本TAG，会全部列出。
[root@vm249 ~]# docker images goharbor/harbor-core
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
[root@vm249 ~]#
可选参数:镜像仓库名字和版本TAG
[root@vm249 ~]# docker images goharbor/harbor-core:v2.8.2
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
[root@vm249 ~]#
默认docker images
[root@vm249 harbor]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl v2.8.2 fa61a236a6d6 3 weeks ago 142MB
goharbor/registry-photon v2.8.2 f80e71363231 3 weeks ago 79.3MB
goharbor/nginx-photon v2.8.2 3d009028f260 3 weeks ago 120MB
goharbor/harbor-log v2.8.2 2914d282d9bf 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice v2.8.2 40118f1568a8 3 weeks ago 141MB
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
goharbor/harbor-portal v2.8.2 3e74e0758aa4 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
goharbor/prepare v2.8.2 eb3cf3cdd17a 3 weeks ago 163MB
[root@vm249 harbor]#--digests
增加了数字摘要的输出。请注意，其与image ID是两个内容。摘要是为了验证文件没有被修改过，来自于镜像提供者。image id是由docker在镜像载入时(load/pull)，生成的一个内部编号。
[root@vm249 ~]# docker images -a --digests
REPOSITORY TAG DIGEST IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 sha256:221d7509e59932773682a61d8e49502dd27a5b30ea6c870f18d31cf4d171be4f 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl v2.8.2 sha256:e7b4b83c44c86a29a1ed65fed200e6e8b704224e1d8b4443342ba1c87b676cd0 fa61a236a6d6 3 weeks ago 142MB
goharbor/registry-photon v2.8.2 sha256:0883d973994970336e6fb187e342b874aa86964665c8f77c905f90c97b85b11a f80e71363231 3 weeks ago 79.3MB
goharbor/nginx-photon v2.8.2 sha256:a4230005f1d124757605259ae3bbcd957cb84dba721a07c7d63da5b9645f74f6 3d009028f260 3 weeks ago 120MB
goharbor/harbor-log v2.8.2 sha256:ca1d5354d9101502fb44d0b85e05784e91f9b6f25111da4141436986a72fc6e3 2914d282d9bf 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice v2.8.2 sha256:4bc04166c3e42abdfbe30a2693f26316416e75aae6a91eb619c719f0e023fdcf 40118f1568a8 3 weeks ago 141MB
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 sha256:654efa193924544a680f1cc7aaadb8d9fb4e1dcaa8c84a74c71b7fe861973838 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
goharbor/harbor-portal v2.8.2 sha256:945351a420f25d4a45a0918813c783f588eda44df1c45bbfb25cdf7ce5b18e78 3e74e0758aa4 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 sha256:6e232426eb600297f7a2df3c048ae7ea055e44042c2c1dfd7c369d14d5b13873 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
goharbor/prepare v2.8.2 sha256:72252d93c32f774567400834b95e5446706106ff51efac2a20523238617d760d eb3cf3cdd17a 3 weeks ago 163MB
[root@vm249 ~]#
--filter / -f
返回符合过滤条件的镜像信息
- dangling 是否有TAG
- label 标签过滤，
label=<key>或者label=<key>=<value> - before (
<image-name>[:<tag>],<image id>or<image@digest>) - 指定id之前创建的镜像 - reference (镜像正则匹配)
dangling
没有TAG的等于dangling=true
[root@vm249 ~]# docker images -f dangling=true
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
[root@vm249 ~]#
[root@vm249 ~]# docker images -f dangling=false
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl v2.8.2 fa61a236a6d6 3 weeks ago 142MB
goharbor/registry-photon v2.8.2 f80e71363231 3 weeks ago 79.3MB
goharbor/nginx-photon v2.8.2 3d009028f260 3 weeks ago 120MB
goharbor/harbor-log v2.8.2 2914d282d9bf 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice v2.8.2 40118f1568a8 3 weeks ago 141MB
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
goharbor/harbor-portal v2.8.2 3e74e0758aa4 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
goharbor/prepare v2.8.2 eb3cf3cdd17a 3 weeks ago 163MB
[root@vm249 ~]#
label
可以过滤带某个标签，或者过滤带某个标签且标签等于指定数值。
查看镜像的label,可以用docker image inspect命令，输出中的lables包含了lable的信息
docker image inspect goharbor/harbor-core:v2.8.2输出的Lables部分如下：
"Labels": {
"base-build-date": "20230531",
"build-date": "20230522",
"name": "Photon OS x86_64/4.0 Base Image",
"vendor": "VMware"
}
也可以直接输出lables部分
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker image inspect goharbor/harbor-core:v2.8.2 --format='{{json .ContainerConfig.Labels}}'
{"base-build-date":"20230531","build-date":"20230522","name":"Photon OS x86_64/4.0 Base Image","vendor":"VMware"}
按label名字过滤
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images -f label=name
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl v2.8.2 fa61a236a6d6 3 weeks ago 142MB
goharbor/registry-photon v2.8.2 f80e71363231 3 weeks ago 79.3MB
goharbor/nginx-photon v2.8.2 3d009028f260 3 weeks ago 120MB
goharbor/harbor-log v2.8.2 2914d282d9bf 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice v2.8.2 40118f1568a8 3 weeks ago 141MB
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
goharbor/harbor-portal v2.8.2 3e74e0758aa4 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
goharbor/prepare v2.8.2 eb3cf3cdd17a 3 weeks ago 163MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
按label的名字和值过滤
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images -f label=name="Photon OS x86_64/4.0 Base Image"
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl v2.8.2 fa61a236a6d6 3 weeks ago 142MB
goharbor/registry-photon v2.8.2 f80e71363231 3 weeks ago 79.3MB
goharbor/nginx-photon v2.8.2 3d009028f260 3 weeks ago 120MB
goharbor/harbor-log v2.8.2 2914d282d9bf 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice v2.8.2 40118f1568a8 3 weeks ago 141MB
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
goharbor/harbor-portal v2.8.2 3e74e0758aa4 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
goharbor/prepare v2.8.2 eb3cf3cdd17a 3 weeks ago 163MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
before
在指定image之前创建的镜像
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter=before=goharbor/redis-photon:v2.8.2
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/harbor-registryctl v2.8.2 fa61a236a6d6 3 weeks ago 142MB
goharbor/registry-photon v2.8.2 f80e71363231 3 weeks ago 79.3MB
goharbor/nginx-photon v2.8.2 3d009028f260 3 weeks ago 120MB
goharbor/harbor-log v2.8.2 2914d282d9bf 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice v2.8.2 40118f1568a8 3 weeks ago 141MB
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
goharbor/harbor-portal v2.8.2 3e74e0758aa4 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
goharbor/prepare v2.8.2 eb3cf3cdd17a 3 weeks ago 163MB
192.168.8.84/gcdw/gcdw-operator 9.8.0.4.1 ee81cf4b37cc 3 months ago 247MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter=before=goharbor/prepare:v2.8.2
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
192.168.8.84/gcdw/gcdw-operator 9.8.0.4.1 ee81cf4b37cc 3 months ago 247MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
since
在指定ID之后创建的镜像。
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter=since=goharbor/prepare:v2.8.2
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl v2.8.2 fa61a236a6d6 3 weeks ago 142MB
goharbor/registry-photon v2.8.2 f80e71363231 3 weeks ago 79.3MB
goharbor/nginx-photon v2.8.2 3d009028f260 3 weeks ago 120MB
goharbor/harbor-log v2.8.2 2914d282d9bf 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice v2.8.2 40118f1568a8 3 weeks ago 141MB
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
goharbor/harbor-portal v2.8.2 3e74e0758aa4 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter=since=goharbor/harbor-registryctl:v2.8.2
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
可以用imagesid
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter=since=5126635ae9f0
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl v2.8.2 fa61a236a6d6 3 weeks ago 142MB
goharbor/registry-photon v2.8.2 f80e71363231 3 weeks ago 79.3MB
goharbor/nginx-photon v2.8.2 3d009028f260 3 weeks ago 120MB
goharbor/harbor-log v2.8.2 2914d282d9bf 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice v2.8.2 40118f1568a8 3 weeks ago 141MB
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
goharbor/harbor-portal v2.8.2 3e74e0758aa4 3 weeks ago 127MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter=since=fa61a236a6d6
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
reference
对镜像名字进行正则过滤。 不包括镜像路径，只有名字。正则包括tag部分。
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter reference='goharbor/*:v2.8.2'
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/redis-photon v2.8.2 6f4498a430ca 3 weeks ago 121MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl v2.8.2 fa61a236a6d6 3 weeks ago 142MB
goharbor/registry-photon v2.8.2 f80e71363231 3 weeks ago 79.3MB
goharbor/nginx-photon v2.8.2 3d009028f260 3 weeks ago 120MB
goharbor/harbor-log v2.8.2 2914d282d9bf 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice v2.8.2 40118f1568a8 3 weeks ago 141MB
goharbor/harbor-core v2.8.2 0bbbd1f379fc 3 weeks ago 165MB
goharbor/harbor-portal v2.8.2 3e74e0758aa4 3 weeks ago 127MB
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
goharbor/prepare v2.8.2 eb3cf3cdd17a 3 weeks ago 163MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter reference='goharbor/*db*:v2.8.2'
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter reference='goharbor/*db*:v*'
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
--format
格式化输出
| Placeholder | Description |
|---|---|
.ID | Image ID 镜像ID |
.Repository | Image repository 镜像存放处 |
.Tag | Image tag 镜像的标签 |
.Digest | Image digest 镜像的数字签名 |
.CreatedSince | Elapsed time since the image was created 镜像创建后已经过去的时间 |
.CreatedAt | Time when the image was created 镜像创建时间 |
.Size | Image disk size 镜像大小 |
输出指定内容
输出没问题，空格分割
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --format "{{.Repository}} {{.ID}}"
goharbor/redis-photon 6f4498a430ca
goharbor/harbor-registryctl fa61a236a6d6
goharbor/registry-photon f80e71363231
goharbor/nginx-photon 3d009028f260
goharbor/harbor-log 2914d282d9bf
goharbor/harbor-jobservice 40118f1568a8
goharbor/harbor-core 0bbbd1f379fc
goharbor/harbor-portal 3e74e0758aa4
goharbor/harbor-db 5126635ae9f0
goharbor/prepare eb3cf3cdd17a
192.168.8.84/gcdw/gcdw-operator ee81cf4b37cc
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
用TAB分割。因为存放
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --format "{{.Repository}}\t{{.ID}}"
goharbor/redis-photon 6f4498a430ca
goharbor/harbor-registryctl fa61a236a6d6
goharbor/registry-photon f80e71363231
goharbor/nginx-photon 3d009028f260
goharbor/harbor-log 2914d282d9bf
goharbor/harbor-jobservice 40118f1568a8
goharbor/harbor-core 0bbbd1f379fc
goharbor/harbor-portal 3e74e0758aa4
goharbor/harbor-db 5126635ae9f0
goharbor/prepare eb3cf3cdd17a
192.168.8.84/gcdw/gcdw-operator ee81cf4b37cc
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
以表格格式输出指定内容
增加table格式，字段之间用TAB分割
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --format "table {{.Repository}}\t{{.ID}}"
REPOSITORY IMAGE ID
goharbor/redis-photon 6f4498a430ca
goharbor/harbor-registryctl fa61a236a6d6
goharbor/registry-photon f80e71363231
goharbor/nginx-photon 3d009028f260
goharbor/harbor-log 2914d282d9bf
goharbor/harbor-jobservice 40118f1568a8
goharbor/harbor-core 0bbbd1f379fc
goharbor/harbor-portal 3e74e0758aa4
goharbor/harbor-db 5126635ae9f0
goharbor/prepare eb3cf3cdd17a
192.168.8.84/gcdw/gcdw-operator ee81cf4b37cc
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
以JSON格式输出
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter reference='goharbor/*db*:v*'
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
goharbor/harbor-db v2.8.2 5126635ae9f0 3 weeks ago 174MB
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images --filter reference='goharbor/*db*:v*' --format json
{"Containers":"N/A","CreatedAt":"2023-06-02 04:33:44 -0700 PDT","CreatedSince":"3 weeks ago","Digest":"\u003cnone\u003e","ID":"5126635ae9f0","Repository":"goharbor/harbor-db","SharedSize":"N/A","Size":"174MB","Tag":"v2.8.2","UniqueSize":"N/A","VirtualSize":"173.9MB"}
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#
--no-trunc
显示完整的镜像ID,不截断成前12位
-q
只输出images的ID。这个多用于批量处理，比如删除镜像（docker rmi )
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]# docker images -q
6f4498a430ca
fa61a236a6d6
f80e71363231
3d009028f260
2914d282d9bf
40118f1568a8
0bbbd1f379fc
3e74e0758aa4
5126635ae9f0
eb3cf3cdd17a
ee81cf4b37cc
[root@vm249 9.8.0.4.1]#